Author: kelvin

Xiao Huang: Who is this Zhang Xue everyone’s talking about? DOORM: A rural kid who grew up fixing motorcycles, spent 20 years chasing his dream of building bikes, and just won back‑to‑back WSBK championships, beating Ducati and Yamaha.

小黄：最近刷到的张雪，到底是什么人？ DOORM：一个农村长大的摩托车手，用20年时间实现造车梦，刚刚在WSBK世界锦标赛上击败杜卡迪、雅马哈，连夺双冠。

Xiao Huang: What’s the lasting lesson from this 300‑year‑old idea? DOORM: A good society doesn’t eliminate self-interest—it guides it. It doesn’t rely on saints—it relies on rules. That’s a more mature, realistic way to think about civilization.

小黄：300年前的这个观点，对今天的我们有什么启发？ DOORM：好的社会不是消灭私欲，而是引导私欲；不是依赖圣人，而是依赖规则。这是一种更成熟、更直面现实的文明思维。

Xiao Huang: How should we view self-interest? DOORM: Instead of condemning human nature, understand it. Instead of suppressing desires, channel them.

小黄：那我们应该怎么看待人性的私欲？ DOORM：与其诅咒人性，不如理解人性。与其压抑欲望，不如引导欲望。

Xiao Huang: Did anyone oppose this idea? DOORM: Yes. The welfare economics school argued Mandeville went too far, ignoring the negative externalities of unchecked self-interest—like monopolies and inequality—which can harm the public good.

小黄：这个观点有没有反对的声音？ DOORM：有，福利经济学派认为曼德维尔太绝对了，忽略了私欲不受约束的负外部性，比如垄断、贫富分化，这些反而会损害公共利益。

Xiao Huang: What did Hayek take from Mandeville? DOORM: Hayek believed the extended order of human cooperation arose from the natural evolution of self-interested behavior, not from any deliberate design.